Transthyretin (TTR) L55P Variant Monomers

Name: Transthyretin (TTR) L55P Variant Monomers
SKU: SPR-451
Availability: InStock

Human Recombinant Transthyretin (TTR) L55P Variant Monomers

Catalog No. SPR-451

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Expression System	E. coli
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SKU: SPR-451 Category: Proteins

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Product Name Transthyretin (TTR) L55P Variant Monomers

Description

Human Recombinant Transthyretin (TTR) L55P Variant Monomers

Applications WB, SDS-PAGE, In vivo assay, In vitro assay

Concentration Lot/batch specific. See included datasheet.

Conjugates

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Dylight 488

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
High photostability
Less pH-sensitive
Excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility
Stringently QC tested
Molecular weight: 1011 g/mol

Dylight 488 Datasheet

Dylight 488 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 493 nm

λ_em = 518 nm

ε_max = 7.0×10⁴

Laser = 488 nm

APC/Cy7

Overview:

High quantum yield
Excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility
Stringently QC tested

APC-Cy7 Datasheet

ACP-Cy7 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 652 nm

λ_em = 790 nm

Laser = 594 or 633 nm

Dylight 350

Overview:

High fluorescence intensity
High photostability
Less pH-sensitive
Excellent solubility in water
Stringently QC tested
Excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility
Molecular weight: 874 g/mol

Dylight 350 Datasheet

Dylight 350 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 353 nm

λ_em = 432 nm

ε_max = 1.5×10⁴

Dylight 405

Overview:

High fluorescence intensity
High photostability
Less pH-sensitive
Excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility
Stringently QC tested
Molecular weight: 793 g/mol

Dylight 405 Datasheet

Dylight 405 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 400 nm

λ_em = 420 nm

ε_max = 3.0×10⁴

Laser = 405 nm

Dylight 594

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
High photostability
Less pH-sensitive
Excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility
Stringently QC tested
Molecular weight: 1078 g/mol

Dylight 594 Datasheet

Dylight 594 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 593 nm

λ_em = 618 nm

ε_max = 8.0×10⁴

Laser = 526 nm

Dylight 633

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
High photostability
Less pH-sensitive
Excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility
Stringently QC tested
Molecular weight: 1066 g/mol

Dylight 633 Datasheet

Dylight 633 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 638 nm

λ_em = 658 nm

ε_max = 1.7×10⁵

Laser = 633 nm

PerCP

Overview:

Peridinin-Chlorophyll-Protein Complex
Small phycobiliprotein
Isolated from red algae
Large stokes shift (195 nm)
Molecular Weight: 35 kDa
Applications: The listed applications provide a general overview of potential uses for conjugated antibodies. However, they do not guarantee that every antibody-conjugate combination has been tested or validated for these specific applications.

PerCP Datasheet

PerCP Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 482 nm

λ_em = 677 nm

ε_max = 1.96 x 10⁶

Laser = 488 nm

PE/ATTO 594

PE/ATTO 594 is a tandem conjugate, where PE is excited at 535 nm and transfers energy to ATTO 594 via FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer), which emits at 627 nm.

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
High photostability
Very hydrophilic
Excellent solubility in water
Very little aggregation

PE/ATTO 594 Datasheet

PE-ATTO 594 Fluorophore Conjugate Excitation and Emission Spectra

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 535 nm

λ_em = 627 nm

Laser = 488 to 561 nm

FITC (Fluorescein)

Overview:

Excellent fluorescence quantum yield
High rate of photobleaching
Good solubility in water
Broad emission spectrum
pH dependent spectra
Molecular formula: C₂₀H₁₂O₅
Molar mass: 332.3 g/mol
Applications: The listed applications provide a general overview of potential uses for conjugated antibodies. However, they do not guarantee that every antibody-conjugate combination has been tested or validated for these specific applications.

FITC-Fluorescent-conjugate

FITC Fluorescein Fluorophore Excitation and Emission Spectra

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 494 nm

λ_em = 520 nm

ε_max = 7.3×10⁴

Φ_f = 0.92

τ_fl = 5.0 ns

Brightness = 67.2

Laser = 488 nm

Filter set = FITC

ATTO 700

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
Excellent thermal and photostability
Quenched by electron donors
Very hydrophilic
Good solubility in polar solvents
Zwitterionic dye
Molar Mass: 575 g/mol

ATTO 700 Datasheet

ATTO 700 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 700 nm

λ_em = 719 nm

ε_max = 1.25×10⁵

Φ_f = 0.25

τ_fl = 1.6 ns

Brightness = 31.3

Laser = 676 nm

Filter set = Cy®5.5

ATTO 680

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
Excellent thermal and photostability
Quenched by electron donors
Very hydrophilic
Good solubility in polar solvents
Zwitterionic dye
Molar Mass: 631 g/mol

ATTO 680 Datasheet

ATTO 680 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 680 nm

λ_em = 700 nm

ε_max = 1.25×10⁵

Φ_f = 0.30

τ_fl = 1.7 ns

Brightness = 37.5

Laser = 633 – 676 nm

Filter set = Cy®5.5

ATTO 655

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
High thermal and photostability
Excellent ozone resistance
Quenched by electron donors
Very hydrophilic
Good solubility in polar solvents
Zwitterionic dye
Molar Mass: 634 g/mol

ATTO 655 Datasheet

ATTO 655 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 663 nm

λ_em = 684 nm

ε_max = 1.25×10⁵

Φ_f = 0.30

τ_fl = 1.8 ns

Brightness = 37.5

Laser = 633 – 647 nm

Filter set = Cy®5

ATTO 633

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
High thermal and photostability
Moderately hydrophilic
Good solubility in polar solvents
Stable at pH 4 – 11
Cationic dye, perchlorate salt
Molar Mass: 652.2 g/mol

ATTO 633 Datasheet

ATTO 633 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 629 nm

λ_em = 657 nm

ε_max = 1.3×10⁵

Φ_f = 0.64

τ_fl = 3.2 ns

Brightness = 83.2

Laser = 633 nm

Filter set = Cy®5

ATTO 594

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
High photostability
Very hydrophilic
Excellent solubility in water
Very little aggregation
New dye with net charge of -1
Molar Mass: 1137 g/mol
Applications: The listed applications provide a general overview of potential uses for conjugated antibodies. However, they do not guarantee that every antibody-conjugate combination has been tested or validated for these specific applications.

ATTO 594 Datasheet

ATTO 594 Fluorophore Excitation and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 601 nm

λ_em = 627 nm

ε_max = 1.2×10⁵

Φ_f = 0.85

τ_fl = 3.5 ns

Brightness = 102

Laser = 594 nm

Filter set = Texas Red®

ATTO 565

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
High thermal and photostability
Good solubility in polar solvents
Excellent solubility in water
Very little aggregation
Rhodamine dye derivative
Molar Mass: 611 g/mol

ATTO 565 Datasheet

ATTO 565 Fluorophore Excitation and Emission Spectra

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 563 nm

λ_em = 592 nm

ε_max = 1.2×10⁵

Φ_f = 0.9

τ_fl = 3.4 n

Brightness = 10

Laser = 532 nm

Filter set = TRITC

ATTO 488

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
High photostability
Very hydrophilic
Excellent solubility in water
Very little aggregation
New dye with net charge of -1
Molar Mass: 804 g/mol
Applications: The listed applications provide a general overview of potential uses for conjugated antibodies. However, they do not guarantee that every antibody-conjugate combination has been tested or validated for these specific applications.

ATTO 488 Datasheet

ATTO 488 Fluorophore Excitation and Emission Spectra

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 501 nm

λ_em = 523 nm

ε_max = 9.0×10⁴

Φ_f = 0.80

τ_fl = 4.1 ns

Brightness = 72

Laser = 488 nm

Filter set = FITC

ATTO 390

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
Large Stokes-shift (89 nm)
Good photostability
Moderately hydrophilic
Good solubility in polar solvents
Coumarin derivate, uncharged
Low molar mass: 343.42 g/mol
Applications: The listed applications provide a general overview of potential uses for conjugated antibodies. However, they do not guarantee that every antibody-conjugate combination has been tested or validated for these specific applications.

ATTO 390 Datasheet

ATTO 390 Fluorescent Dye Excitation and Emission Spectra

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 390 nm

λ_em = 479 nm

ε_max = 2.4×10⁴

Φ_f = 0.90

τ_fl = 5.0 ns

Brightness = 21.6

Laser = 365 or 405 nm

APC (Allophycocyanin)

Overview:

High quantum yield
Large phycobiliprotein
6 chromophores per molecule
Isolated from red algae
Molecular Weight: 105 kDa
Applications: The listed applications provide a general overview of potential uses for conjugated antibodies. However, they do not guarantee that every antibody-conjugate combination has been tested or validated for these specific applications.

APC Datasheet

APC Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 650 nm

λ_em = 660 nm

ε_max = 7.0×10⁵

Φ_f = 0.68

Brightness = 476

Laser = 594 or 633 nm

Filter set = Cy®5

Streptavidin

Properties:

Homo-tetrameric protein purified from Streptomyces avidinii which binds four biotin molecules with extremely high affinity
Molecular weight: 53 kDa
Formula: C₁₀H₁₆N₂O₃S
Applications: Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA

Streptavidin Datasheet

Biotin

Properties:

Binds tetrameric avidin proteins including Streptavidin and neuravidin with very high affinity
Molar mass: 244.31 g/mol
Formula: C₁₀H₁₆N₂O₃S
Applications: Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA*

*The listed applications provide a general overview of potential uses for conjugated antibodies. However, they do not guarantee that every antibody-conjugate combination has been tested or validated for these specific applications.

Biotin Datasheet

HRP (Horseradish peroxidase)

Properties:

Enzymatic activity is used to amplify weak signals and increase visibility of a target
Readily combines with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) to form HRP-H₂O₂ complex which can oxidize various hydrogen donors
Catalyzes the conversion of:
- Chromogenic substrates (e.g. TMB, DAB, ABTS) into coloured products
- Chemiluminescent substrates (e.g. luminol and isoluminol) into light emitting products via enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL)
- Fluorogenic substrates (e.g. tyramine, homovanillic acid, and 4-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid) into fluorescent products
High turnover rate enables rapid generation of a strong signal
44 kDa glycoprotein
Extinction coefficient: 100 (403 nm)
Applications: Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA*
- *The listed applications provide a general overview of potential uses for conjugated antibodies. However, they do not guarantee that every antibody-conjugate combination has been tested or validated for these specific applications.

HRP Datasheet

AP (Alkaline Phosphatase)

Properties:

Broad enzymatic activity for phosphate esters of alcohols, amines, pyrophosphate, and phenols
Commonly used to dephosphorylate the 5’-termini of DNA and RNA to prevent self-ligation
Catalyzes the conversion of:
- Chromogenic substrates (e.g. pNPP, naphthol AS-TR phosphate, BCIP) into coloured products
- Fluorogenic substrates (e.g. 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate) into fluorescent products
Molecular weight: 140 kDa
Applications: Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA

AP Datasheet

R-PE (R-Phycoerythrin)

Overview:

Broad excitation spectrum
High quantum yield
Photostable
Member of the phycobiliprotein family
Isolated from red algae
Excellent solubility in water
Molecular Weight: 250 kDa

Applications: The listed applications provide a general overview of potential uses for conjugated antibodies. However, they do not guarantee that every antibody-conjugate combination has been tested or validated for these specific applications.

R-PE Datasheet

R-PE Fluorophore Excitation and Emission Spectra

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 565 nm

λ_em = 575 nm

ε_max = 2.0×10⁶

Φ_f = 0.84

Brightness = 1.68 x 10³

Laser = 488 to 561 nm

Filter set = TRITC

Nature Recombinant

Species Human

Expression System E. coli

Amino Acid Sequence MGPTGTGESKCPLMVKVLDAVRGSPAINVAVHVFRKAADDTWEPFASGKTSESGEPHGLTTEEEFVEGIYKVEIDTKSYWKALGISPFHEHAEVVFTANDSGPRRYTIAALLSPYSYSTTAVVTNPKE

Purity >95%

Other Resources

Protein Length Full Length

Protein Size 13,876 kDa

Field of Use Not for use in humans. Not for use in diagnostics or therapeutics. For in vitro research use only.

Properties

Storage Buffer	PBS pH 7.4
Storage Temperature	-80ºC
Shipping Temperature	Dry Ice. Shipping note: Product will be shipped separately from other products purchased in the same order.
Purification	Ion-exchange Purified
Cite This Product	Human Recombinant Transthyretin (TTR) L55P Variant Monomers (StressMarq Biosciences \| Victoria, BC CANADA \| Catalog# SPR-451)
Certificate of Analysis	Certified >95% pure using SDS-PAGE analysis.
Other Relevant Information	For corresponding PFFs, see catalog# SPR-464

Biological Description

Alternative Names	Transthyretin L55P, TTR L55P, ATTR, Amyloid polyneuropathy, Amyloidosis I, Carpal tunnel syndrome 1, CTS, CTS1, HEL111, HsT2651, PALB, Prealbumin, Prealbumin amyloidosis type I, Prealbumin Thyroxine-binding, TBPA, Thyroxine binding prealbumin, TTHY_HUMAN, TTR
Research Areas	ALS Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, Blood, Cardiovascular System, Cell Signaling, Lipid and lipoprotein Metabolism, Metabolism, Neurodegeneration, Neuroscience, Parkinson's Disease, Tangles & Tau
Cellular Localization	Cytoplasm, Extracellular exosome, Extracellular Region, Lysosome
Accession Number	NP_000362.1
Gene ID	7276
Swiss Prot	P02766
Scientific Background	The L55P variant of transthyretin (TTR), a tetrameric transport protein for thyroxine and retinol, is one of the most pathogenic mutations linked to hereditary amyloidosis and other neurodegenerative disorders. This single amino acid substitution destabilizes the native tetrameric structure, promoting dissociation into monomers that readily misfold and aggregate into amyloid fibrils under physiological conditions. Unlike wild-type TTR, the L55P variant forms amyloidogenic monomers that serve as precursors to protofilaments and mature fibrils. These aggregates are implicated in transthyretin amyloid polyneuropathy (ATTR-PN), where they deposit in peripheral nerves and disrupt cellular integrity. The monomeric intermediate exhibits altered tertiary structure and increased β-sheet content, facilitating its transition into neurotoxic assemblies. Recent studies reveal that L55P monomers compromise the blood–nerve barrier and trigger neuroinflammatory responses, exacerbating neuronal damage. Their ability to form protofilaments at neutral pH underscores their pathological relevance in vivo, distinguishing them from other TTR variants that require acidic conditions for fibril formation. Understanding the structural dynamics and aggregation pathways of L55P monomers is critical for developing targeted therapies. Stabilizing the tetrameric form or inhibiting monomer misfolding offers promising strategies to mitigate amyloid deposition and neurodegeneration. In summary, TTR L55P variant monomers are potent initiators of amyloid pathology and neurotoxicity, making them key targets in the quest to understand and treat transthyretin-related neurodegenerative diseases.
References	1. Zeldenrust S.R., Benson M.D. (2010). Wiley. pp. 795–815. 2. Westermark P., Sletten K., Johansson B., Cornwell G.G. (1990). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87(7): 2843–5. 3. Andrade C. (1952). Brain. 75(3): 408–27. 4. Coelho T. (1996). Curr. Opin. Neurol. 9(5): 355–9. 5. Jacobson D.R, et. al. (1997). N. Engl. J. Med. 336(7): 466–73. 6. Li X. (2011). Mol Neurodegener. 6(1):79. 7. Lashuel H.A., Wurth C., Woo L., and Kelly J.W. (1999) Biochem. 38(41): 13560-13573.

Product Images

Coomassie gel stain of Human L55P TTR Monomer (SPR-451). Load: 2 ug.

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Transthyretin (TTR) L55P Variant Monomers

Streptavidin

Biotin

HRP (Horseradish peroxidase)

AP (Alkaline Phosphatase)

Properties

Biological Description

Product Images

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